The district of Jodhpur was the capital of the kingdom of Marwar and also known as the Land of Death. It has the honor of being the largest kingdom in Rajputana and the third largest of the Indian Kingdoms next to Kashmir and Hyderabad. As early as 1549 AD, the city was called Jodhgarh. The Rathore clan traces its origins back to the Hindu god, Rama and therefore to the sun.
In 470 AD, Nayal Pal conquered the kingdom of Kanauj, near modern Kanpur in Uttar Pradesh and remained the capital of Rathores for seven centuries till 1193 AD. A marriage alliance between Sihaji Rathore and the sister of a local prince enabled the Rathores to establish their stronghold in this region. They even defeated the Pratiharas of Mandore, which is 9 km to the north of Jodhpur. In 1381 AD, Rao Chanda defeated the Parihars of Mandore, which thus became the Rathore seat of government. Gradually bitter rivalry arose between the ruling clans of Mewar and Marwar thus resulting in both becoming separate states.
Rao Ganga Singh of Jodhpur, 1516-32 AD, fought on the side of the army of the great warrior king of Mewar, Rana Sanga, against the first Mughal emperor, Babur. But thereafter, the rulers of Jodhpur become allies of Akbar. Several rulers of Jodhpur became trustworthy chiefs of the Mughals. The court of Jodhpur prospered and became a great center of the arts and culture with the support and co-operation of the Mughals. In the 17th century AD, Jodhpur became a flourishing trade center for the camel caravans passing to and from Central Asia to the parts of Gujarat and vice versa.
Jodhpur fall into the hands of the British in 1818 AD. Sir Pratap Singh laid the foundation of a modern state of Jodhpur, which was carried further by Maharaja Umaid Singh. In 1949, soon after the independence of India, Jodhpur became the part of the newly created state of Rajasthan.
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